Mental Health Service Delivery Models - 1146 Words

Mental health illness is related to a group of illness, anxiety and stress are the most common health problems. Mental illness affects how a person feels, thinks, behaves, and interacts with other people (Department of Health, 2007). Mental health service delivery models in Australia has significantly changed from institutional care to the community care setting (Frost et al., 2017). This easy will discuss about he changes in services before and post institutional, how recovery model introduced in Australian mental health service and critically analyses the effect on the population with mental health and their experiences as consumers towards the mental health service. Mental health illness in Australia stared with over crowded European†¦show more content†¦Custodial care was contribute to increase the stigma, stress and other mental health problems(Thornicroft et al,. 2016). Mentally ill people was at risk and considered as criminals even they did not commit any crime and spend most of time in prisons (Justice Action, 2011).Negative attitude was used to describe mental illness as well to treat people with mental illness. Institutional mental health service was a threat to patient’s dignity. Violation of human rights, such as food, clothing result with the hospitalization of mentally ill people with other serious conditions such as heart, diabetes. Asylums and institutional mental health service criticized by advocacy and consumer participation for human right reform (Buckley, Brimson, Reyment, 2017). The concept of community emerge as a constantly rapid change of deinstitutational from 1950 to 1980. Community has the potential to support and recover and accept the mental health illness as other health illness. Community participation in mental health begins with advocating the rights of mental population (Williams, Smith, Lumbus, 2014). Institutions was closed and mentally ill patients realsed in to community, but homeless, eduction, employment, community inclusion and acceptance was big issue. It recognizes government based, and community based care is essential to reduce the stigma and its impact on the patients, their carers, families, and communities. The partnershipsShow MoreRelatedBenefits And Detriments Of Headspace1645 Words   |  7 Pagesinnovation in the coordination of services for young people with mental health concern is headspace. headspace is the National Youth Mental Health foundation and is a provider of early invention mental health services for young pe ople aged 15-25. Whilst headspace has shown success in engaging and delivering preventative mental health services to young people since 2006, there is much controversy around how effective headspace actually is at addressing mental health concerns for all young people. ThisRead MorePrinciples of Mental Health1258 Words   |  5 PagesRunning Head: FOR A DEEPER UNDERSTANDING Principles of Mental Health The World Health Organization (2012) defines mental health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease. WHO establishes the connection of mental health to the promotion of mental well-being, the prevention of mental disorders and the treatment of mental disorders and the rehabilitation of those afflicted with these disorders (WHO). The Council for Accreditation of CounselingRead MoreThe Health Care Industry Has Made Tangible Impacts Essay1240 Words   |  5 PagesManaged care is simply a system that delivers health care to a specific population purchased though health insurance plans. 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In order for ambulatoryRead MoreThe Essential Knowledge Of Social Workers1272 Words   |  6 Pageswelfare, child guidance and mental health have worked with families to ensure that children are safe from abuse and neglect, that parents know ways to manage emotional challenges of childhood and that families know effective communication processes to resolve the symptoms of mental illness. Over time, however, the approaches to building effective family interventions have changed and schools of social work need to be attuned to the demands on agencies to offer services that are effective. StudentsRead MoreSuccess Is Elusive In The Entrepreneur’S Eff orts. Entrepreneurs1412 Words   |  6 Pagesunforeseen problems could depict challenges along the way. The behavioral health field is becoming more wide spread and an interest to entrepreneurs (Wei-Skillern, 2010). Nevertheless, behavioral health is a critical and often-overlooked component of a successful population health management program; a topic frequently discussed but rarely addressed comprehensively (Floyd, 2016). To address the needs of people with behavioral health issues, it is vital that resources are established to meet their needsRead MoreSocial And Emotional Wellbeing Of The Service User1066 Words   |  5 PagesThe proposed aim of the services should be holistic whole addressing social and emotional wellbeing of the service user. Following a Western approach to social and emotional well being will not be productive nor culturally sensitive when working with Aboriginal and Torre Strait Islander people. The Western approach views health from a biological perspectiv e, Aboriginal and Torre Strait Islander people have a more holistic approach to their health (Korff, 2016). When working with Aboriginal and TorresRead MoreCost Containment, And Quality Of Care1646 Words   |  7 Pagescoverage for over 100 million citizens in the United States and being the largest care delivery system, it is hard to ignore their presence in the ever changing health care delivery system. Some say, that where Medicare goes, private payers will follow. Today, hospitals, health systems and other providers have been highly influenced by Medicare. Medicare, Medicaid, the Children s Health Insurance Program, and the Health Insurance Marketplace are leading the way in the movement to provide coverage underRead MoreInvolved In The Service-Users Care777 Words   |  4 Pagesassessment showed decline in memory over past 6 months – service-user referred to memory service. Memory service worked alongside general hospital staff in multidisciplinary meetings to ensure best outcome for the service-user. Service-user required help with cognition, physical health problems and finding supported living accommodation. The service user and her family involved in decision making process at all times. 2. People involved in the service-user’s care: Dietitian – To provide nutritional adviceRead MoreThe Application Of A Model, Paradigm And Needs Assessment Results On Program Modifications832 Words   |  4 PagesThe Application of A Model, Paradigm and Needs Assessment Results on Program Modifications In an effort to ensure the program has a positive impact on the students’ mental health, the model, paradigm and needs assessment results must drive any program modifications and services. According to Erford (2014), a perception-based needs assessment allows counselors to address the needs of individuals in a community. A college community needs assessment, using secondary data sources, is an example of

A Little Bit of Stress Is Useful Free Essays

string(33) " someone depends on that person\." â€Å"A little bit of stress is useful – it keeps people in their toes. † Discuss. In order to answer this question one must first define the various elements in the question. We will write a custom essay sample on A Little Bit of Stress Is Useful or any similar topic only for you Order Now Stress can be defined as ‘The harmful physical and emotional responses that occur when the requirements of the job do not match the capabilities, resources or needs of the worker’ . One can define useful, as stress making a person happy, productive and efficient. Also in terms of an organisation making it successful, efficient and effective. You should use more industrial words here eg producing more units Millions of people suffer from stress on a daily basis. Stress can affect a person’s physical health such as increased heart rate and rise in blood pressure, and can affect a person mentally such as depression. This in turn for organisations can be devastating and potentially detrimental, as this can lead to poor industrial relations and high absenteeism, ‘IHC estimates that 13. 4 million working days a year are lost to stress’. On the face of it this would suggest that stress is indeed a bad thing. Indeed a study reported in the Journal of the American Medical Association showed that those participants who experienced chronic high stress on the job had a considerably greater chance of suffering another heart attack than did those in less stressful jobs. Furthermore there were many cases in world war one of sudden deaths to soldiers who had not endured any wounds, these men probably died of shock when responding to stress. In 1967 Holmes and Rahe carried out a study now called the stress scale where they looked at 5,000 medical patients’ medical records as a way to determine specifically which stressful events caused illnesses, in hierarchical order from the most stressful events to the least. Death of a spouse topped the list followed by, divorce, martial separation and a jail sentence. All these events are intrinsically negative and as such it would be easy to conclude that stress is bad for anyone as it is caused by bad events. However Hooshmand conversely states that ‘stress is just another misunderstood term in the medical practice’ he goes on to say that ‘the phrase any stress is bad (is) nothing further from the truth’. Indeed Lazarus mentions how ‘Hans Selyve suggested two types (of stress) distress and eustress. Distress is the destructive stress illustrated by anger and aggression and it is said to damage health. Eustress is the constructive type, illustrated by emotions associated with emphatic concerns for others†¦ ompatible with or protective of good health’ This is significant, according to Selyve and Lazarus there is, as mentioned above, a ‘distress’ type of stress which is bad- this is where there is too much stress. For example if a manager were to give a deadline which was impossible this may over stimulate and de motivate an employee causing them to do no work. But also mentioned is a ‘eustress’ type of stress which can be seen as ‘useful’ and healthy ‘keeping people on their toes’. This would be where there are small amounts of stress for example if a manager was to set a strict but reasonable deadline it may push the employee on to work harder, stimulating an increasing the employees energy levels to meet the challenge . This shall be mentioned in more detail later on in the essay. Although Lazarus goes on to mention that this hypothesis ‘has not been adequately supported†¦. by empirical research’ there is other evidence to support this claim of eustress. In 1908 Robert M. Yerkes and J. D. Dodson created an experiential relationship between performance and pressure, now known as ‘Yerkes-Dodson Law ’. The law shows that performance actually increases with pressure i. e. stress: the eustress that Selyve went on about, but only up to a point. When levels of pressure become too high, performance decreases, this is known as distress. The process is illustrated graphically as a rounded, inverted U-shaped curve which increases and then decreases with higher levels of pressure. Clearly according to this law one wants to reach the optimum stress levels which is small amounts of stress to keep one on its toes but not too much as this could lead to depression and potentially heart problems. It is now important to look at specifically how eustress can help and be healthy for you. From ‘Yerkes-Dodson Law’ it would not be unreasonable to suggest that eustress is basically stress in small, not large amounts. Leitnerpg states that ‘according to Allen 1983 eustress represents challenge and stimulation for healthy growth and development’ this would suggest that eustress stress gives you the competitive edge roviding you with focus and determination. There are many examples above of stressors likely to produce distress such as divorce but Leitner mentions stressors which produce eustress such as ‘roller coasters and skiing’ It is important to note that people are actually paying for these stressors, thus they can be considered us eful stresses. Some people even thrive on the excitement of stresses this can be best shown in adrenaline junkies, as they seek activities that increase their hormone adrenaline production. Examples of these stress seekers include racing car drivers, politicians and bungee jumpers. It is well known that many employees will leave there work to the last minute they need the stress and adrenaline to get their work done, if there is no stress it is probable this work would never be done. Indeed it is possible to have stressors which can cause both eustress and distress such as exercise, which can be considered a eustress, but when overdone can lead to injuries and illness. Selye points out that ‘whether an activity produces eustress or distress depends on the participant’s perception of the activity’ this can be supported by a quote from Shakespeare ‘things are neither good nor bad, but thinking makes them so’ . Indeed everyone is different when dealing with stress whether stress is good or bad for someone depends on that person. You read "A Little Bit of Stress Is Useful" in category "Papers" This can be supported by Type A and B personality theory created in the 1950’s . This puts people into two groups . Type A people are according to Friedman, M. Rosenman ‘impatient, excessively time-conscious, insecure about their status, highly competitive, hostile aggressive, and incapable of relaxation’ . They established a link between type A people and coronary heart disease after analysing data from thousands of people who had beforehand been placed into either type A or Type B group. Whilst type B people are almost the opposite of type A people, relaxed in nature with no sense of time urgency and less easily stressed. Quote The above evidence would suggest that the amount of stress does not matter to a great extent but what does is the type of person as, according to this theory there are two types of people, type A personalities will deal worse with stress than type B personalities. It would not be unreasonable to suggest that a small amount of stress for type B personalities maybe good for that person ensuring they are focused and have more of a sense of time urgency, however the same amount of stress mposed on a type A personality could caused aggravation, anxiety and maybe even heart problems. Indeed some employers will look for employees who not only can naturally deal with stress but actually thrive on it. An example of this can be given of Alan Sugar who makes it clear in the program the apprentice that he is looking for people who can deal with stressful situations by testing them as part of the recruitment process . An essential part of the recruitment procedure is to be able to keep your nerve and defend yourself in the public forum of the board room, an artificially created stressful environment. In this day and age there is bound to be stress due to the nature of work and the fast moving environment around us, it is how we deal with this stress which can determine whether this stress is useful or not. ‘Yerkes-Dodson Law’ dictates that if there is too much stress this can reduce the performance of the individual, thus it is sometimes important for the individual to be able to reduce this stress in order to produce optimal performance. Indeed Ward states that ‘in learning to manage stress effectively you may come to believe that the experiences of stressful periods may become beneficial to you. There are many different ways of dealing with stress and how well you deal with stress will determine how it affects you. A person can exercise to help reduce stress, ‘exercise creates a sense of confidence and control, which reduces stress’ this does not mean just occasional exercise but exercise on a daily basis if possible. Exercise also directly leads to relaxation of the body which can help reduce stress. Having the required sleeping hours is also vital, this will refresh yourself making you feel better the next morning and ready for work. If one does not have the required sleeping hours necessary it can lead to tiredness which can lead directly to stress. So far mainly people and employees have been looked upon, it is important to look at how organisations as a whole deal with stress and if they find it useful or not. Organisations are becoming more and more aware of the importance of stress and its impact on employees. Ward mentions some ways in which companies are taking action to combat stress ‘more are referring employees for health and fitness tests. Others are running stress management courses and providing stress counselling for employees’ . In view of this one can clearly see how important stress is in organisations. Some company’s thrive on stress these mainly seem to be financial orientated organisations. Who are and need to be extremely competitive with other similar organisations, this stress pushes the organisation on to its limits increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the company. It is not uncommon nowadays for organisations to deliberately impose stress on employees; this can be done by paying employees with high commissions, meaning they are not guaranteed money at all. Some employees actually enjoy this stress, they enjoy the challenge and the buzz. Indeed this can be directly linked to job satisfaction. Other organisations in the health field such as hospitals try to reduce stress, as they feel any stress imposed on patients could be dangerous, one of the things they do to reduce stress is painting the hospital walls green as it is proven that green is a low stress colour can decrease stress. Clearly in the health field stress is deemed as bad but maybe in the financial field stress is seen as useful pushing on the company to success. Thus the usefulness of stress depends upon which type of organisation it’s for. Obviously though too much stress in a financial organisation can cause absenteeism which will ultimately lose the company money. To conclude with regards to organisations as a whole, it just depends on the type of organisation to how useful stress is. In terms of individuals, small amounts of stress which Selye describes as eustress can help keep people on their toes, keeping them focused and acting as a stimulant, pushing them on to work. However it can completely depend on the person. A Type A person may not be able to take that stress and instead of ‘keeping them on their toes’ may cause panic and anxiety. Nonetheless, in saying this, as Yerkes-Dodson law dictates some stress is needed to achieve optimum performance and give people a challenge, which increases job satisfaction. Thus it would be accurate to conclude that ‘a little bit of stress is useful – it keeps people on their toes’. You would improve the structure if you cross reference more eg when you are talking about how stress needs to be in the right quantity, it might be helpful if you mention that later on you will be talking about how stress an be controlled. If you need to add any more – you could talk further about the work life balance – ie however stressful the job – outside activities are essential A further element you could talk about – when discussing different personalities – is that what is stressful for some is not for oth ers. A good example might be of mothers who stay at home and look after children – for some this is v stressful and for others it is an ideal environment. You could also add an international dimension eg in France there is huge job security and longer holidays (I think) in America holidays are short and there is v little job security How to cite A Little Bit of Stress Is Useful, Papers

Implicit Association Test free essay sample

I don’t know if that is true because I don’t think that I think that way, but maybe it is possible to have a slight automatic preference without realizing it, as if I do it subconsciously. Here is a screen shot of my results. I hope that you are able to read this because I found it to be both very interesting and surprising at the same time. After taking this test, I am left to wonder if most people have a slight automatic preference for some races over others or if I am in the minority in that category. Do you agree or disagree with the result? Â  I am not sure if I agree or disagree with the results of the test. I have always considered myself to be a person who has no prejudice in my heart and that I looked at every race the same way. We will write a custom essay sample on Implicit Association Test or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It shames me to admit that a few years ago when I was driving a cab for almost a year, blacks were in general the worst tippers and many did not tip at all which over time did cause me to stereotype blacks as being lousy tippers. I have talked to a few servers in restaurants about it and most of them say the same thing. The blacks the rode in my cab were no more rude or polite than anyone else, so I never hated them, I just got to the point that I did not want to pick them up anymore because I felt they would not tip me no matter what I did. I know that was a bad way of thinking and I don’t think that way anymore, or so I thought until I got the results of this test. On the other hand the biggest tip I ever got was from a black man. I don’t like being this way and I am going to work on changing myself. I do have black friends, so hopefully it won’t be hard for me to change. Do you think that the results are valid for you? Explain why or why not. After answering the first two questions I would have to say that yes the results are valid for me. I know that in my heart of hearts that I am not at all racist and I don’t have a big problem as far as stereotyping goes, but apparently it is there in me somewhere. I really think that whatever little bit of stereotyping I do have comes from when I drove a cab and most of the blacks I picked up were lousy tippers. I understand that not all blacks are that way and that I had a lot of bad luck with the blacks that I picked up. The thing that makes me think however is that all of the other drivers that I had talked to about this said the same thing, but I think part of that is because many of the blacks I picked up were in St. Pete which many parts of that city are very poor and have a lot of crime. In your opinion, is prejudice easy or difficult to measure accurately? Why? I think that it is very difficult to measure most of the time. The exception is in cases when people are proud of being prejudice and have to problem admitting it like in the KKK. The reason why I think it is very difficult to measure is because people don’t want to admit it, don’t know that they are prejudice or think they are not when maybe they are just a little, or just don’t feel comfortable talking about it. As I said in the first question, I did not even know that I still had a slight automatic preference for European American compared to African Americans, and I can’t imagine that I am the only one like that.

Max Weber and Bureaucracy Essay Example

Max Weber and Bureaucracy Essay Max Weber is one of the foremost social historians and political economists of the 20th century and is considered to be one of the main architects of modern social science. [Stanford,2012] He was born in Refuter ,Prussia (now Germany) and lived from 1864 to In late sass companies and organizations were getting larger and more complex everyday and they were devising large specialized units within them thus managing these organizations was hard. Weber suggested that they would need to adopt a new way of administration and also a more efficient ay of hiring people in order to allocate them to specific roles according to their expertise and knowledge. Thus he devised a new theory based on bureaucracy. Bureaucracy simply states that people should be expected to follow certain rules and procedures rather than their personal preferences in order to bring order to managerial systems and to simplify the task of managing large corporations. We will write a custom essay sample on Max Weber and Bureaucracy specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Max Weber and Bureaucracy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Max Weber and Bureaucracy specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer It also explains that the best way to choose people for certain roles is based on their knowledge, as mentioned by Weber in his book Economy and Society : bureaucratic administration means fundamentally domination through knowledge. [Seedbeds, 2005] Weepers theory of bureaucracy is one of the most famous parts of his ideology. He believed that bureaucracy is the most efficient way of organizing human activity and is essential to the modern world : Experience tends to show that the purely bureaucratic type of administration is, from a purely technical point of view, capable of attaining the highest degree of efficiency and is the most rational known means of carrying out imperative control over human beings. [Denary,2010] A bureaucratic yester has some defined features: 1- Certain Rules: It has certain rules and regulations and people in the system are expected to follow in order to have stability. Hierarchical Structure: It is organized as a hierarchy with people having different levels of authority. 3- Documentation: Undertaking actions should be based on written documents and all the documents should be kept for further use or reference. 4- Rationality: Officials and managers within the system should devote their logic and scientific knowledge to the decisions they make so that all the objectives can b e achieved at the end. Defined Roles: There are specialized and defined roles in the system so that division of labor is in place. Specialization: Special training is required for individuals in order to allocate them to appropriate roles which suit their abilities and expertise. This theory is essentially based on ratification of tasks and a hierarchy that will consequently result in more stability and control as people within a bureaucratic system will become committed to the system. The reason behind it is that they can see a predictable way to higher levels of the hierarchy over time. It also requires rigorous documentation. Therefore, we can conclude it is an internal process model in the Quinn Competing Values framework which sets consolidation and continuity as final targets for the managerial system which adopts it. Although Weber suggested the theory of bureaucracy as the most efficient way of organizing people for achieving set goals, but he also warned that bureaucracy can impose a threat to practitioners and politicians. There has since been a long discussion regarding the efficiency and downsides of bureaucracy theory. Some people argue that reassurance comes in the way of creativity, hinders motivation and results in people being dissatisfied with their roles. Others, on the other hand, say that it brings fairness and certainty to the workplace, makes work more effective and gives people motivation to work harder. Adler and Boors (1996) studied workflow formalization of bureaucracy in companies such as Ford, Toyota and Xerox in order to find a fair answer to the effectiveness of bureaucracy theory. They concluded that there can be 2 types of bureaucracy depending on how it is maintained: 1- Enabling: it is signed by the help of employees and is set to enable employees to master their tasks thus it can be positive and motivating for people 2- Coercive: it is forced onto employees by their managers in order to make them work harder and more efficiently but it results in people being unhappy with what they do and has negative effects [Body,2012] Nowadays many businesses (such as retail banks, airlines, etc. , government departments and healthcare organizations are structured on the basis of bureaucracy to some extent, although there are differences between what we see in reactive today and what Weber had in mind. It is interesting to see how Weber addressed a usual office as we are familiar with today: The combination of written documents and a continuous operation by officials constitutes the office (Bureau) which is the central focus of all the types of modern organized action. [Seedbeds, 2005] Overall bureaucracy has both advantages and disadvantages and is not a perfect model for managing people but if it is used in an appropriate way it can be of great help to bring order and consolidation to the managerial system.

Against Capital Punishment essays

Against Capital Punishment essays Many years ago convicted murders would face the risk of getting the death penalty. Many people now want capital punishment to be brought back. Capital Punishment cannot be reinstated due to the fact that it is cruel and unusual treatment. This paper will clearly demonstrate that capital punishment cannot be brought back because it is unconstitutional. This essay will show how it costs less to imprison someone then to execute them. Finally, this will show how imprisonment is a worse sentence then execution. Capital punishment cannot be reinstated because it would violate the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms sections 7 and 12. Section 7 of the CCRF states that Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of the person and the right not to be deprived thereof except in accordance with the principles of fundamental justice. Section 7 guarantees us life, liberty and personal security of all Canadians. It also demands that governments respect the basic values of justice whenever it intrudes on those rights. This section is useful in criminal cases because an accused person faces the risk that, if convicted, their freedom will be lost. Section 12 of the CCRF states that Everyone has the right not to be subjected to any cruel and unusual treatment of punishment. The death penalty is an unusual treatment because it only applied to capital murder and not to other offences in the Criminal Code. For example, the Supreme Court of Canada held that a law creating a minimum sent ence of seven years imprisonment for the crime of importing narcotics into Canada, regardless of how much is involved, is cruel and unusual punishment. The death penalty should not be brought back also because it would cost less to imprison someone then to execute them. A 1993 study conducted by Duke University showed the death penalty in North Carolina costs $2.16 million per execution more than ...

Character Analysis Abigail Kirk Beatie Bow

Abigail Kirk This character is Abigail Kirk, who is the protagonist of the story. For the first ten years her life, she was Lynette Kirk, â€Å"happy as a lark†, and â€Å"hot-headed rag of a child†. She â€Å"vibrated with devotion† for many things, and was wrapped around her father’s fingers until he left her and her mother, Kathy, for another woman. She then stopped answering to Lynette, or any of the nicknames that reminded her of the betrayal that she suffered. One day, just to spite her grandmother, who incidentally has a spooky habit of speaking to her perm, and whom she shares an unspoken agreement to hate each other, she decided she wanted to adopt a name that was associated with witches, thus Lynette became Abigail, â€Å" from now on I’m Abigail Kirk and as soon as I am old enough, I will change the Kirk too†. Abigail is a private child, a reserved girl, keeping everyone at arm’s length. She is considered an outsider, and she didn’t care for friends. She was hurt after her father’s betrayal, and started pushing everyone away for fear of being hurt again. â€Å"She carefully laid false trails into her secret heart†, â€Å"yet when she grows older, she longs for someone to laugh at the false trails with†. Even though she hates her father, she still loves him. She misunderstands her parents’ situation, being only fourteen, and holds a grudge against her mother for going back to her father and agreeing to move to Norway, â€Å"he whistles and she goes back like a well trained dog†. Abigail is close to Natalie as she reminds Abigail a little of what she used to be when she was younger. She is protective of Natalie, who adores Vincent without restraint, therefore allowing her to be hurt by him. Beatie and Abigail have a love-hate relationship due to Abigail blaming Beatie for bringing her to the 18th century Sydney, and Beatie’s refusal to help Abigail get home, and Abigail threatening to tell Granny that Beatie has the gift. Abigail dislikes her Grandmother, who wears glittery scarves and high heels, who picks on Abigail on every opportunity, and bullies Kathy. Apparently, Grandmother also used to pick on Weyland Kirk, Abigail’s father, and talks to her perm. Abigail is portrayed as a fourteen year old girl for most of the story, who keeps everyone away for fear of being hurt, and conceals her heart beneath a layer of impenetrable ice. She doesn’t understand the true meaning of love, and she has, according to her, â€Å"missed her mother’s winning quaintness, and her father’s ash blond distinction. † She despairs of her figure ever arriving, â€Å"she is as thin and flat as a board† with a narrow brown face, and coffee black eyes.

ICELAND'S FINANCIAL CRISIS Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

ICELAND'S FINANCIAL CRISIS - Case Study Example During this time period, home values began to fall dramatically and sub-prime rates eventually readjusted so that individuals owed up to double their original mortgage value on homes that were no longer even worth their original market value. A vast variety of the sub-prime mortgages offered to individuals who actually did not maintain quality resources to sustain an adjustable home loan interest rate were suddenly forced into foreclosure, which left lending institutions with a significant inventory of now bank-owned homes worth less than their mortgage values at the time of signing. As the housing bubble burst and grew more fiscally unsound, global investors found that the many derivatives (swaps) associated with home mortgages were no longer viable and lucrative opportunities for investment (Simkovic, 2011). Many investors from the European Union and the United States began looking for better investment opportunities, leaving financial institutions offering these derivatives with c onsiderably less quarterly and annual revenues stemming from mortgage-backed swaps and securities. Because mortgage-related derivatives were, for many years, adequate and lucrative profit opportunities for financial institutions, many offering these securities backed by mortgage guarantees had not diversified their revenue-earning capacities. As such, investment trading partners in the United States witnessed capital depletion rapidly where many institutions required significant fiscal bailouts to keep the entity afloat. Further complicating this situation was what is referred to as a bank run, where nearly five billion dollars in investment resources were withdrawn domestically and internationally in a 48 hour period by concerned and speculating investment firms and independent investors (Altman, 2009). Low-valued credit default swaps, a variety of mortgage related derivatives, and banking facility capital depletion soon hit Iceland and many other European countries. Iceland, after banking privatization had been established, was very dependent on making investments in international capital markets (Olsen, 2010). However, this instability and credit downgrading that occurred during the sub-prime crisis in the U.S. had destabilized multiple investment opportunities associated with mortgage-backed securities and derivatives. Thus, a once lucrative revenue source for Icelandic banks and other financial institutions no longer provided adequate capital infusion for the now-private banking facilities in the country. Since there had not been enough portfolio diversification in Iceland to spark domestic investment opportunity to offset dependencies on international investment losses, the exchange rate of the Icelandic currency value was affected and derivatives relationships with foreign banking partners were largely nullified. As the IMF and the U.S. Central Bank began changing monetary policy and increasing regulation to correct the sub-prime crisis, it inflated the U.S. dollar which only served to further weaken the value of the Iceland currency on the international exchange markets. How could the Iceland Crisis have been Avoided? Firstly, Iceland should have recognized that the U.S. would not necessarily have explosive gains on mortgage-related securities and derivatives that would endure indefinitely. The U.S. had a long history of a volatile housing market which should have provided adequate

Hurricane Katrina and African-American Society Essay

Hurricane Katrina and African-American Society - Essay Example In the days that followed, the death toll due to the storm would rise to one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three people, 1577 of that number in Louisiana, with hundreds still unaccounted for (CNN). Even though the water was pumped out of the city within four days, thousands were left homeless and abandoned in the wreckage of the city. The survivors of the storm and flood made their way through the remnants of New Orleans to the Superdome. What was previously the home of the New Orleans Saints became home to thousands of refugees awaiting government aid that fell far short of expectations. Survivors were abandoned for days as they waited for aid that wouldn't come fast enough. The world watched helplessly as graphic images of people begging for assistance, of people dying in the streets filled television screens urging them to act, to help bring relief to those affected by this senseless catastrophe. The end result was just as horrifying as the uncensored images displayed which both brought world-wide attention to the nightmarish circumstances facing the survivors and exploited them for those who would take advantage of the disastrous situation (Hartman, Chester; Spires, Gregory). There were plenty of people waiting in the wings to capitalize on the devastation surrounding the survivors of the storm. The total dam age has been estimated at $125 billion (CNN). When our ownWhen our own government wouldn't step up to the challenge, other groups stepped in to raise funds for those displaced by the storm and subsequent flooding. Some of these were legitimate non-profit groups whose only interest was to try and help, such as the Red Cross and the Salvation Army who brought food, water, clothing and volunteers to the area. Others were scam artists and large corporations who took the opportunity to profit from the devastation and take advantage of those who required assistance most. The United States government made no preparations for those that depended on public transportation just to get around the city, for those sick, invalid, or financially unable to leave on their own merit in the days leading up to Katrina (Brookings Institution). Even after the storm passed and the National Guard made their way into the devastation of New Orleans, they brought few supplies for those trapped inside the city, were even instructed to not distribute their own water and supplies to those crying out for help (Hartman, Chester; Spires, Gregory). Survivors were left in the ill-equipped Superdome as the government feared the spread of disease from those who had been forced to live in the fetid waters flooding the city. When they finally were brought supplies from the government, refugees were given boxes containing the vaccine for SARS (Hartman, Chester; Spires, Gregory). The lack of real response to the poorer, African-American population on the behalf of our government is a point of contention worth a deeper examination. The most recent numbers from the government show a total federal infusion of one hundred and twenty-six billion dollars into the Gulf area for rebuilding. Of that amount, one hundred and one billion has either been dispersed or is available for the affected states' governments to draw on (White House). President Bush has committed the federal government to allowing the state of Louisiana a thirty year period to repay their segment of

Why Shakespeare Included The Porters scene in a Production Of Macbeth Essay Example for Free

Why Shakespeare Included The Porters scene in a Production Of Macbeth Essay Macbeth is a play written by William Shakespeare, he was born in the 17th century, William Shakespeare wrote over thirty-seven plays and possibly had a hand in others, he also wrote several poems. He lived in an age when printing was not commonplace, and yet most of his works were published either after his death or without his authority. Shakespeare often wrote his plays about the lives of great people, but very little about Shakespeare himself is known. As you will see in Macbeth this is probably his most striking play as it is obviously written for a particular king at a particular time in history. Therefore studying Macbeth we have extra information, this perhaps gives us a broader insight into the art and mind of William Shakespeare. William Shakespeare came from Yeomans stock, his fathers name was John Shakespeare and his mothers name was Mary Shakespeare. Shakespeare himself was almost certainly educated in the local grammar school. He married Anne Hathaway she was eighteen years senior to him in 1582, they had their first child, Susanna in 1583. They had two other children twins, Judith and Hannet born in 1583. Shakespeare retired back to live in Stratford near the later parts of his life, his son Hannet had died by that time and all his grandchildren also died for unknown reasons. He died in 1616. Macbeth is often described as Shakespeare greatest play ever; it has any different contexts to the play. Still viewed by millions across the world in theatres. Macbeth was written sometime between 1603 and 1606, this coincided with the accession of James the Sixth of Scotland to the English throne, as James the First of England. There are many issues in the play that proves James was primarily in mind whilst writing the play. Firstly it pays homage to the interests and expertise of James: James was fascinated by witchcraft and one of the main issues in the play is that of supernatural powers, also the Kings Evil is a major issue in the play and that was of great interest to James. Secondly it compliments James by making his ancestor, Banquo a hero in the play. As Duncan puts it, Noble Banquo. Despite also receiving supernatural solicitations from the witches he doesnt fall into evil unlike Macbeth. But in point of fact, Banquo historically was an accomplice in the murder of Duncan. A reminder of this presumably would not have pleased James. Thirdly the play explores the issue of kingship and loyalty. These were a profound interest to James who clearly in life avoided an assassination attempt. The divine rights of Kings is essential to the play, The Divine Rights Of Kings meant that because god appointed the king, the king was not answerable to the people or to the parliament, what this is, it means the king has overall power over his people. The play is also intimately related to the topical events of the Gunpowder plot of 1605 and the subsequent trials, of the conspirators. Shakespeare from this picks up the theme of, equivocation. this is related to the wider theme of appearances. It was lady Macbeth who advises Macbeth to, look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent under it. The porter is a marvellous lowlife type of character- drunk, obscene, garrulous, and could be considered as one of Shakespeares, best characters of comedy. The bleak Prathieban Sathanathan Mrs. Collins Original Writing intensity of the previous scene gives way to a brief comic interlude- this is where the porter makes his introduction in the play, after the murder of Duncan has been accomplished. Although the porter is crude and rough his introduction benefits the play in a number of ways. The continuation of physical knocking reminds us that we are still in the world where the Macbeths have jus committed murder. There are many practical reasons as to why Shakespeare has included, the porters scene, into this production of Macbeth. The most obvious are being, it gives the actors playing Macbeth and lady Macbeth time to get of the stage, wash the blood off and change their clothes. Shakespeare also had a lot of comic actors in his company, and many of them needed small parts and they were meant to be popular with the audiences. Shakespeare may have been trying to please King James, as the porter refers to the gunpowder plot. Faith, heres an equivocator that could swear in both the scales against either scale, who committed treason enough for gods sake, yet could not equivocate to heaven. an equivocator is someone who does not actually lie, but does not tell the whole truth either. This means he could balance up the scales of justice, by arguing on both sides and prevent someone being convicted, but he could not argue his way into heaven. The point in the play in which Shakespeare has decided to include the scene may be rather comical to some people, as he has brought in this scene straight after a scene which mustve horrified his audience. He may have brought in this comical scene to restrain the audience from laughing in the wrong places, as there is hardly any other comedy present in the play apart from this particular scene. Shakespeare may have used this distinctive scene as a, laughter conductor, so they can be convulsed with laughter in this particular scene, rather than laughing at any other point in the play. By allowing the audience to laugh straight after, the horror of seeing the blood- splattered Macbeths they will be more able to endorse the further bloodshed and horror in the scenes that follow. Earlier in the play, lady Macbeth calls upon; murdering ministers this would immediately cause the audience to make instant comparisons with the Macbeths caste castle and hell. The porter, would also remind Shakespeares audience of the traditional figure of the porter of Hell Gate in medieval plays, this would then make the play universal and this would cause the audience to think that it is about everyone, not just the Macbeths. The porter makes a variety of speeches in this scene; some of these are of the main themes in the play these include, equivocation, damnation and the supernatural. Faith, heres an equivocator that could swear in both scaled against either scale; who committed treason enough for gods sake, yet could not equivocate to heave: O! an equivocator is someone who does not actually lie but does not tell the whole truth either. They hold up and balance the scales of justice, by arguing on both sides, and prevent someone from being convicted; but they could not argue their way into heaven. This topical reference made by the porter to the Gunpowder plot and equivocators would remind the audience about the horror of attempting to kill a king. This would also please king James, as Shakespeare obviously had James primarily in mind whilst writing the play. Shakespeare also includes a reference to, Faith, heres an English tailor come hither for stealing out of a French hose: come in, tailor; here you may roast your goose. The porter is implying that tailors were known for making a profit by using less cloth than the customer had paid for; and they- (the tailors) were eventually caught doing this. Prathieban Sathanathan Mrs. Collins Original Writing This reference to treason links with the earlier account of the Thane of Cawdor and a later discussion between lady Macbeth and her son. Shakespeare also includes the theme of nature in this scene, the porter explains how the farmer had hoarded his corn, hoping for a famine, so that he could sell it for a high price, but a good harvest (the expectation of plenty) has led to a drop in the price, and he has committed suicide. Because he depends on the seasons, he is a time- server (and will also serve time; in hell). Heres a farmer that hanged himself on the expectation of plenty; come in time server. There is a direct comparison made throughout the play about desire and act, this is also included in the porters scene. Drink provokes the desire, but it takes away the performance. This is typical of the frequent use of antithesis throughout the play. The scene proves on of the most essential for Shakespeare, as it is vital for any production of Macbeth. Various issues are exploited in the scene and it also gives way for on screen issues- such as changing, washing etc. So I feel that this is one of the most effective scenes in the play, even though the porter is crude and rough it is an effective scene- one which also makes the audiences laugh, and also gives the audience some beliefs on issues in the play.

do You Believe In Fate Neo :: essays research papers

â€Å"Do you believe in fate Neo,† Morpheus asks. â€Å"No,† Neo responds. â€Å"Why not?† â€Å"Because I don’t like the idea that I’m not in control of my life,† Neo explains. In this scene (from the blockbuster smash hit The Matrix) a parallel can be drawn between Neo and Bigger Thomas (the protagonist in Richard Wright’s novel Native Son) because Bigger shares Neo’s feelings about fate. Bigger Thomas, a boy who has grown up with the chains of white society holding him back from opportunity, has only one solution to escape from the white walls which are closing in on him. His solution is to kill two women (one of whom is the daughter of a rich white family) to demonstrate that he is fed up with his life being controlled by fate. The author does an exceptional job in creating a theme that illustrates how racism takes away the self-control of the oppressed, thus leaving their lives in the hands of fate. The theme that racism do esn’t allow the oppressed to control their lives can be demonstrated through the symbolism of the rat, the poster outside of Bigger’s apartment, and Bigger’s encounter with the â€Å"nut† in jail.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To Bigger’s chagrin he is not in control of his life. His life is dictated by a large group of white people’s false belief of superiority. With every cause there is an effect, and the effect that this burden has on Bigger turns him into an animal, living for only one thing, survival. â€Å"There he is again, Bigger!† the woman screamed, and the tiny, one-room apartment galvanized into violent action. A chair toppled as the woman, half dressed in her stocking feet, scrambled breathlessly upon the bed. Her two sons, barefoot, stood tense and motionless, their eyes searching anxiously under the bed and chairs. The girl ran into the corner, half stooped and gathered the hem of he slip into both of her hands and held it tightly over her knees†¦ A huge black rat squealed and leaped at Bigger’s trouser-leg and snagged it in his teeth hanging on†¦ Bigger aimed and let the skillet fly with a heavy grunt. There was a shattering of wood as the box caved in†¦ The woman screamed and hid her face in her hands. Bigger tiptoed forward and peered. â€Å"I got ‘im,† he muttered [.] (4-6) At first glance this quote could seem meaningless, but later the reader learns in the book that a parallel can be drawn between the big black rat and the big black Bigger.

Study on Haldiram’s

Industry- Food. Company Name- Haldiram’s. Product- Frozen Foods, Namkeens, Sweets, Cookies, Sherbets (Sharbat), Minute Khana (Microwaveable Food), Papads, Pani Puri, Bhel Puri, Chips  (Boletos, Takatak, Whoopies), Royal Temptations (Packaged Dry Fruits), Guajarati Snacks, South-Indian Snacks, Nimbu Masala Origin- 1937 in Bikaner, Rajasthan by  Gangabisenji Agrawal, India. Now having three independent branches at Kolkata, Nagpur, Delhi respectively.Countries-   Nepal,  Pakistan,  Bangladesh,  Canada,  Australia,  Sri Lanka,  Singapore,  Malaysia,  South Africa,  Indonesia,  Qatar,  Saudi Arabia,  Hong Kong,  Japan,  Kenya,  Libya,  South Korea,  Nigeria,  Mauritius,  United Kingdom,  United Arab Emirates,  Zambia  and  Bahrain. Marketing Strategy- The Marketing Concept (Customer must be satisfied). Pioneers- To introduce ready-to-eat snacks, Packed Namkeens, restaurant offering Indian Traditional foods like ‘chaat-papdià ¢â‚¬â„¢, ‘gol-gappe’, ‘bhel-puri’ etc. Cause of popularity- Quality Products and hygiene. Competitors- Foreign- SM Foods, Bakeman’s Industries Ltd, Frito Lay India Ltd. nd Britannia Ltd. Local- Prabhuji, Mopleez, Bikaji, Rameswar. Potential- Lehar and Bikaji. Macro Forces- Demographic-The Nagpur entity has introduced a new range of vermicelli and macaroni with Italian machinery that is exported to some 25 countries in the Americas, the Gulf, Europe and Asia. So, along with focusing on savouries and sweets they have introduced products that appeal to regional tastes and preferences. Economic- Quick service restaurants for middle-class, vast variety of products on competitive prices. Technological-   New ways of packaging namkeens.Its packaging techniques increased the shelf life of namkeens from less than a week to more than six months. To add potato products, machinery was imported from the US. All the food items were prepared and packaged in a ver y hygienic environment. The company tied up with many online sites to make availability of products on free home delivery basis. It also enabled the people to send customised gifts to specified regions. Socio-Cultural- They were awarded International Award for Food & Beverages by the Trade Leaders Club in Barcelona (Spain) because of popularising ethnic food.Like in India, earlier there was no restaurant that offered ‘gol-gappe’, ‘bhel-puri’ etc. So, according to the culture, they offered products. Political- In a report, Prabhu Shankar Agarwal, the owner of the Kolkata unit, was arrested on charges of  manhandling customers. On Jan 29, 2010, Prabhu Shankar Agarwal was sentenced to life imprisonment along with four others by a fast track court for conspiring to kill a tea stall owner whose shop came in the way of a food plaza he was building. This incident affected their reputation severely.Micro Forces- The Company-   In the early 1990s, because of the conflict within the Agarwals family, Haldiram’s witnessed an informal split between its three units as they started operating separately offering similar products and sharing the same brand name. This split had resulted in aggressive competition among themselves for a higher share of domestic and international markets. Competition- Due to increasing competition and upcoming new substitutes to Namkeens they added Bakery items, dairy products, sharbats, ice creams to their portfolio.Customers- Haldiram's  customer services are not good. Few of the company's restaurants did not possess the minimum requirements, such as sufficient seating arrangements, there's insufficient parking space and services were hardly ever done with a smile. Public- Did very well in this field. Public was getting conscious about hygiene and cleanliness. Their Nagpur branch was conferred the International Food Award. Delhi unit was awarded the Keshalkar Memorial Award. Just because of high standards i n quality and hygiene.Market Intermediaries- Cordial relationship. Strong distribution network. In case, the distributor finds product damaged after leaving of the transporter, company issues a special credit note when informed on phone so that distributor can get cash on the next visit. Competitors- Frito Lay India Ltd. (Frito Lay), one of Haldiram's major competitors, was expanding its market share. Instead of  directly competing with the market leader Haldiram's, the company launched innovative products in the market nd backed them with heavy  publicity. SM Foods introduced a range  of  innovative products. The company launched India's first non-wafer chips in 1988. SM offered  products under two main brands – Peppy and Piknik. Under Peppy, it had sub-brands such as Cheese Balls, Ringos, Hi Protein Crispies, Potato Rackets, Hearts, Veggie Treat, Mixtures and Minerette. Under Piknik, it had Protein Pin, Junior and Corn Puffs. Bikaji is doing very well by providing more variety of products at less prices with more profit margins.

American Cultural Puritanism and The Crucible Essay

In Arthur Miller’s The Crucible, the playwright creates a scene based on the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, yet the themes that the play conveys are still embedded in modern society. John Proctor, the protagonist, is condemned for speaking out against the Puritan leaders, indicating a theme of individual versus society. However, the play as a whole depicts a time of political manipulation, when the society’s leaders expected all of the townspeople to follow the majority’s beliefs, condemning those who thought otherwise. These themes can be applied to both events occurring in modern society and the actions at the time the play was written, 1953. Before these themes can be applied, one must understand the general plot of The Crucible as well as the way it is carried out as a drama. The moral struggles of John Proctor are presented throughout the play, with the biggest one regarding his decision to either speak out against the majority and face the risk of being killed, or keep quiet and watch other innocent people be condemned. Proctor eventually tells the reverend and the judge, among other officials, what he believes the girls, such as Abigail Williams, are doing. He presents them with facts and evidence, explaining a scheme the girls are carrying out against him, yet the leaders do not listen to him. Instead, they sentence him to death for rebelling against the society, calling him a witch. While the main theme of Miller’s play interprets this time of political unrest, several smaller themes are also emphasized. The author implies that society cannot settle for just arresting and punishing criminals when they call attention to themselves. Instead, there is an occasional â€Å"witch hunt† where people are sought out and punished when they are, in reality, completely innocent (Goldstone, â€Å"Introduction,† 19). This becomes evident in The Crucible when one realizes that the officials could have stopped listening to the girls after they found out the first few names of people who were â€Å"witches.† Nevertheless, the girls were given the authority to give the names of anybody that they wanted, with the judge having no way of telling whether or not they were lying. Another major theme in the play  describes how people in every society have been forced to compromise their intellect and integrity in order to follow society’s popular beliefs. Miller’s feelings that innocent people could have been saved if more people had the courage to speak out against what was occurring are expressed in this universal account of the inhumane and senseless acts that have occurred throughout history. In the play, the audience has the opportunity to consider the viewpoints of John Proctor, an innocent person, rather than just the side of the government leaders, making the themes universal in that more members of modern society can relate to them. Miller explains in his essay, â€Å"Why I Wrote The Crucible,† that he intended for the play to depict a common reaction of people in a situation such as the Salem Witch Trials, or the anti-Semitism era around 1952. He says that many people turn their backs on friends, as well as others who have been condemned for some reason, to keep from being seen and then further identified with them. Much like the play’s protagonist, Miller was fearful of being identified as a communist when he wanted to write the play as a social criticism in the 1950s. Therefore, he used the events of the Witch Trials to draw a parallel rather than directly discussing anti-Semitism (2). In this same fashion, parallels can be drawn between The Crucible and contemporary society. Many members of society still fight a moral conflict when protesting the government, mainly because the belief that society must somehow make sense is common. Even though Puritanism and the beliefs associated with it do not effect society in the same way that they did in 1962, similarities can be seen in the lessons that the Salem Witch Trials teach and happenings in the modern-day world. While Miller used the Salem Witch Trials and his play to criticize the government in 1952, events similar to this occur every day in the world and many people can relate The Crucible’s themes of contradicting the majority to their modern lives.

Article Synopsys on Public Administration

Article Synopsys on Public Administration The article under consideration is called Post-foundational development management – power, politics and complexity and written by Christ Mowles (2010).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Article Synopsys on Public Administration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The author discusses the place of management theories in learning and development theories as well as how they are applied to introduce changes and improvement. Particularly, the author focuses on post-foundational management theory based on the principles of emergence. The work combines empirical and theoretical framework for analyzing the major aspects and strategies needed to upgrading the development management. Investigating future perspectives of improvements and programs, the research also places an emphasis on such concepts as predictability, control, emergency, and system change. All the above-described aspects are considered in regional context that provides a favorable ground for more effective implementation of theoretical approaches. In addition, the author provides some historical facts and a comparative analysis of theories for the audience to have clearer understanding of their essence. While discussing particular theories, the author resorts to assessment of post-foundational management within the local context believing that this principle creates a number of positive perspectives for improvement of public sphere. To enlarge on this, Mowles believes that strategies and generalized plans are always perceived in particular contexts with certain actors participating in political cooperation aimed at grouping their efforts and sharing their experience in overcoming particular problems. In this respect, an alternative theory put forward by the research draws on the concept of emergence, a condition under which all governmental and managerial procedures can be considerably improved. This is explained by the fact that qui ck adjustment to changes creates a number of benefits in critical situations, especially when time is of primary importance.Advertising Looking for essay on public administration? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Considering these concepts, the author reaches a conclusion that, even if future perspectives and strategies are idealized and, sometimes, far from reality, planning and projecting intension can better assist in meeting the future goals rather than taking no measures at all. In the article, the author presents a well-planned presentation of arguments and approaches used to assert the validity and reliability of facts. More importantly, the author has managed to sustain the balance between theoretical and empirical information applied. It should also be stressed that the main hypothesis of the paper is quite specific and consistent with the proposed supportive arguments. However, excessive reference to theoret ical materials provides a number of ambiguities that prevent readers from understanding the connection between practical and theoretical information. Despite that, the major strength of the article lies in a multidimensional approach the author has chosen for considering one theory within different contexts. The writing style of the article refers to scientific genre, because the researcher resorts to a great number of business and scientific terms. Nevertheless, the abundance of terminology does not distort the overall impression from the text. The information is logical and consistent where each argument is supported by evidence and facts. Besides the explanation for the key concepts, such as emergency, development management, post-foundational management, emergence, and future perspective, is provided in a well-grounded and detailed manner. In general, the article will be of great significance and relevance to the sphere of public administrations because it provides readers with a number of important theoretical approaches aimed at improving public infrastructure. What is more important is that consideration of local context can give a better picture of how management theories contribute to the improvement of administration policies. Reference List Mowles, C. (March, 2010). Post-Foundational Development Management – Power, Politics and Complexity. Public Development and Administration. 30(2), pp. 149-158.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Article Synopsys on Public Administration specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More

Authentic Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Authentic Assessment - Essay Example Introduction Despite some unquestionable achievements of the over-decade-long US anti-terrorist campaign, insofar as al-Qaeda’s terrorist network and the Taliban have suffered heavy blows with the loss of many key figures from their senior leadership, most notably Osama bin Laden, the terrorism – the Islamist extremist terrorism in particular – is neither vanquished nor eradicated. Moreover, following 9/11, there was a wave of terrorist acts worldwide, including such against US military personnel and civilians in Iraq, Afghanistan, Saudi Arabia, etc.; while the tightened security measures, along with the intensified vigilance of the police, FBI and the intelligence community as a whole, prevented many terrorist plots to develop into violence on US territory (Mueller, 2011). Tragic occurrences such as the shootings at Fort Hood, where 13 people were killed and 32 wounded, allegedly by a radicalized Army psychiatrist, appear more or less an exception (King and Thom pson, 2011). The terrorists’ bigger success abroad, measured in sheer number of both cases of materialized violence and, regrettably, American citizens being murdered or injured, infers that the overseas security efforts of the US government are hindered by certain inadequacies. The suicidal bomb attack on the residential area inhabited by service personnel of the US military base in Floola and their families, along with the attack on the USA’s embassy in Libya, which resulted in the US Ambassador being killed, is a fresh reminder of this painful fact. Terrorism – Trends, Tactics and Perpetrators As Chasdi (2012) points out, the Worldwide Incidents Tracking System /WITS/ of the US National Counterterrorism Center /NCTC/ has identified certain trends in the field of terrorism, emerging from global, regional and national developments (p. 67). The figures provided by WITS indicate that over 10Â  000 terrorist attacks occurred in 2011, which affected 70 countries w orldwide and resulted in over 12Â  500 deaths (National Counterterrorism Center /NCTC/, 2012). While the total number of attacks has fallen by 12 percent and 29 percent, as compared to 2010 and 2007 respectively, the main foci of terrorist activities remain the regions of South Asia and the Near East; taken together, the two locations experienced almost two-thirds of the high-casualty attacks in 2009 and over 75 percent of 2011 total (NCTC, 2010; NCTC, 2012). Afghanistan, along with Iraq and Pakistan, bore the brunt of the reported attacks for the third consecutive year, both in terms of attacks’ number and ensuing death toll (NCTC, 2009; NCTC, 2010, NCTC, 2011). The number of terrorist attacks in Africa and related fatalities, mainly associated with the turmoil in Somalia and Democratic Republic of Congo, oscillated between a rise of 140 percent (2 200 fatalities) in 2008, as compared to 2007, and a drop of more than 30 percent in 2010, as against 2009 – from over 3à ‚  200 fatalities to 2Â  131 respectively (NCTC, 2009; NCTC, 2011). The increase of 11.5 percent during 2011, however, is mainly attributable to the Nigeria-based group Boko Haram (NCTC, 2012). The situation in the Western Hemisphere could be also described as variable, insofar as the number of reported terrorist attacks fell by about 25 percent in 2008 and subsequently rose by 27 percent in 2009; while in 2010, both attacks and deaths declined by

NASA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

NASA - Essay Example These are all good things but they do not necessarily bring about good results. The case study shows that the administrators and the systems need to be geared to solving real problems, and not just sustaining the system itself. There is no point in having an excellent health and safety system, for example, if it the accidents still happen and people still lose their lives. Another key role of public administration is to decide what needs to be done, and plan for that. Wilson’s comparison of the French and German armies at the start of World War 2 shows that it is possible to have excellent organizational systems, with everything working to plan, and yet, in the case of the French, have a plan that is not suited to the particular problems facing the organization. This means that public administration which is strong is not enough. It has to be facing the right direction and aiming for the right goals so that it can be effective at bringing about the desired outcomes. In some pu blic organizations there are very large resources devoted to the operation and so it is crucial that the senior teams think through very carefully what the priorities are, and what kind of change needs to be faced in the future. Simply maintaining the procedures that have always worked in the past is not enough. This may have been enough before, but because there are many variables in society, and because things change unexpectedly, an effective public administration needs to be flexible and able to take on board new ideas all the time. The example of the German army, and of some school head teachers, shows that highly committed individuals who can manage teams are an essential part of an effective administration. There has to be an ability to keep to an overall plan, but at the same time some small group independent thinking and action is absolutely vital. Public administration is often criticized because it is too slow moving, and over cautious. Society needs an administration tha t can respond quickly to crisis, and can break through all the red tape to take decisive action when there is a real threat. In the Centralia case study it is clear that the administrators all kept within their own narrow boundaries, and no-one stepped out to demand immediate and decisive action. Society needs this kind of leadership in public administration to identify crisis areas and respond immediately. Public administration has a very important role in society because it adds a professional dimension to community activities. Someone has to have a view of the big picture, and someone has to ensure that all the different branches of activity in society meet together for the good of all. I think Wilson’s description of the German army is a good one, because it shows that discipline and order can be matched with innovation and independent thinking. If everything was left to private individuals and companies, then there would soon be chaos and exploitation of the weakest memb ers of society. Public administration sets the standard for fairness and consistency, and it is the job of public administration managers to keep a good balance between following the rules and driving through change where it is needed. Question 2. On the basis of Long’s essay on administrative power and your analysis of â€Å"The Columbia Accident† what specific factors can you identify that can strengthen or detract from an organization’

No Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

No - Essay Example It would be hard for the company to be able to do the transaction without it being a donation. From the proposal, the company would be selling the Panini at three dollars per piece. Considering that the company spends four dollars on every Panini in the production, the company will be operating the transaction at a loss of one dollar every sale. His being the case, the company can only accept the proposal only where the transaction is a donation to the MBA students or if it were a marketing strategy and they would increase the prices later. b) Starbucks currently sells a Stainless Steel Clip Handle Tumbler - Gold, 16 fluid ounces in its stores for $22.95. Starbucks buys the Tumbler from a manufacturer in China for $ 9.00. A representative from a company in Vietnam is offering to sell them for 25% less than cost from the manufacturer in China. Discuss the issues that you would consider in deciding whether or not to accept this offer. In deciding whether or not to accept the offer from the manufacturer in Vietnam, I would consider various factors. These factors include: the quality of the products, the durability of the products, the ability to serve the purpose for which they are acquiring. Mainly, I would consider the quality, considering the low cost of the products; the quality of the materials would probably be compromised. Due to this, I would critically evaluate all the aspects of the product to ascertain that the quality of the products is at par. Besides this, I would consider the accessibility of the products from the supplier. Since Vietnam is a country that is not well developed, I would consider how the goods are to be moved from the country to Starbucks premises since the cost of acquisition would be higher in the long run due to transport costs. Basically, I would focus mainly on these areas. When preparing an incentive plan for the store managers, it should be budgeted to

Alexander Calder Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Alexander Calder - Essay Example Calder' firt exhibition of painting took place in 1926 at the Artit' Gallery, New York. Later that year, he went to Pari and attended the Acadmie de la Grande Chaumire. In Pari, he met tanley William Hayter, exhibited at the 1926 alon de Indpendant, and in 1927 began giving performance of hi miniature circu. The firt how of hi wire animal and caricature portrait wa held at the Weyhe Gallery, New York, in 1928. That ame year, he met Joan Mir, who became hi lifelong friend. ubequently, Calder divided hi time between France and the United tate. In 1929, the Galerie Billiet gave him hi firt olo how in Pari. He met Frederick Kieler, Fernand Lger, and Theo van Doeburg and viited Piet Mondrian' tudio in 1930. Calder began to experiment with abtract culpture at thi time and in 1931 and 1932 introduced moving part into hi work. Thee moving culpture were called "mobile"; the tationary contruction were to be named "tabile." He exhibited with the Abtraction-Cration group in Pari in 1933. In 1943 , the Mueum of Modern Art, New York, gave him a olo exhibition. (Haye, 99-101) During the 1950, Calder traveled widely and executed Tower (wall mobile) and Gong (ound mobile). He won the Grand Prize for culpture at the 1952 Venice Biennale. Late in the decade, the artit worked extenively with gouache; from thi period, he executed numerou major public commiion. In 1964-65, the olomon R. Guggenheim Mueum, New York, preented a Calder retropective. He began the Totem in 1966 and the Animobile in 1971; both are variation on the tanding mobile. A Calder exhibition wa held at the Whitney Mueum of American Art, New York, in 1976. Calder died November 11, 1976, in New York. Early Work & Non-artitic Career Born into a family of artit in Lawnton, Pennylvania, to culptor Alexander tirling Calder and portrait painter Nanette Lederer Calder, both Calder and hi older iter, Margaret Calder Haye, were encouraged to be creative from childhood. (Calder, 13) Calder' firt ignificant recognition a an artit came when he exhibited hi now- famou miniature circu with it animated wire performer at Pari' alon de Humorite in 1927. The idea for the toy figure can be traced back to ketche he made in 1925 while reporting on the circu for the Police Gazette. Made from wire, rubber, cork, button, bottle cap, wood, and other mall "found" object, Calder' circu include lion, acrobat, trapeze artit, elephant, a ringmater, and numerou other figure. Unlike many art work of the period, the unuual creation drew crowd from outide the artitic community a well a within, and the thirty-year-old artit found himelf uddenly widely known. (Prather, 22-32) Facination with the Circu Calder tudied at the Art tudent' League from 1923 to 1926 and worked a a freelance illutrator and toy deigner. Hi facination with the circu began in 1925 when he pent two week ketching at Ringling Brother and Barnum and Bailey Circu on aignment for the National Police Gazette. In 1926 he began creating the firt few figure of wire and wood which were later to grow into the Cirque Calder (Eagle, 7) Calder' firt wire culpture, Joephine Baker (1926), a witty linear repreentation of the famou American-born chanteue, wa exhibited to the Pari art community during the ame period that hi circu wa drawing attention. He decided to return to New York City late in 1927, where he gave a one-man how that included Joephine Baker, a well a everal of hi other wire portrait. Thoe portrait would grow

Plasma Membrane: Structure and Function

Plasma Membrane: Structure and Function BENJAMIN  NHANDARA Explain the structure and function of the cell and the plasma membrane to include the division of labour and explanation of transport across the plasma membrane. All living things are made up of small blocks known as cells. These cells play a big role in the existence of all living things even though we cannot see the cells with our naked eyes. After we have a good look at the functions of a cell and all the organelles found in them we will have an understanding on the big role played by these minute organelles. Small blocks known as cells make up all living things. The cells that we will be looking at today are the eukaryotic cells. In the eukaryotic cells are tiny cellular structures known as organelles that perform unique specific functions in order to keep the cell alive. To help us better understand and explain what really happens in a cell we can look at a country like the UK. In the UK they are different government departments, organisations and sectors that work together for the good of the country. UK in this case may be likened to a cell and the organisations, departments, sectors will represent the organelles. In order to separate the inside of a cell from its environment the cell is surrounded by a membrane that acts as a protector for the organelles. All membranes are permeable to regulate the transport of materials in and out of the cell through small pore (Sue Hocking,2008). The largest organelle in the cell is called the nucleus and it is surrounded by a nuclear envelope which is a double layered structure made of two adjacent membranes. The envelope has pores which enable communication between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. The nucleus is the control centre of a cell where all instructions are passed on to other organelles. Just like the parliament of the UK we could agree that it also has a similar duty to pass all legislation of the land and assess all laws to ensure a good and safe life for its citizen. The nucleus contains coded genetic information in the form of DNA molecules which are involved in the synthesis of proteins (Ann Fullick et al.,2015). The DNA detects what the cell is going to do and how it will do it. Inside the nucleus is a dense ,spherical structure known as the nucleolus which is responsible for the production of ribosomes. The nucleolus is like a factory. Ribosomes according to Gareth Williams (2000),are tiny organelles that are found in large numbers in a cell. They have a diameter of about 20nm. They attach themselves to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) after leaving the nucleus and this is known as the rough endoplasmic reticulum(RER). There is another type of endoplasmic reticulum without ribosomes known as smooth endoplasmic reticulum, the other ribosomes float freely in the jelly like fluid known as cytoplasm. Enzymes are synthesised in the cytoplasm by the ribosomes. While the main function of the endoplasmic reticulum is producing and packaging proteins. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum produces lipids and steroids. The synthesis of a protein shows the division of labour in a cell.   Ã‚   We also have some organelles that were first observed by the Italian scientist Camillo Golgi. These organelles are known as golgi, they appear as stacks of flattened sacs. Assembling glycoproteins such as mucin by combining protein and carbohydrates. The golgi also produces digestive enzymes and the formation of lysosomes. Lysosomes are spherical sacs surrounded by a single membrane and they contain some powerful digestive enzymes that help in breaking down materials(Micheal Kent 2000). Organelles in a Eukaryotic cell Fig 1 (www.enhantedlearning.com) As evident in fig 1,we also have the mitochondria organelles which are important in the synthesis of energy in the form of ATP by a process called Respiration. This energy is made available to the cell in molecular structure. Active cells will normally have a lot of mitochondria available. C J Clegg(2000) says the mitochondria are relatively large organelles and has a double membrane, the inner forms many folds called cristae. Entry and exit of all materials is controlled by the outer membrane , as the movement of people is also controlled by the boarders that are in place. Cell membrane are present in all cells and they facilitate the movement of substances into and out of the cell. It also goes on to provide protection for the cell. According to Ann Fullick(2000) all cell membranes are made up of two main molecules which are the lipids and proteins. These molecules react differently as the head is hyrophilic(water loving) while the tail is hydrophobic (water-hating). Cell membranes are selectively permeable meaning they let in some molecules and keep others out Below is a diagram of a phosopholipid bilayer in Fig 2 AN IMAGE OF A PHOSOPHOLIPID BILAYER Fig 2(The Science of Biology,2007) C J Clegg (2000) says materials that go through the membrane will use the basic types of cellular transport which are available which are passive transportation(no energy needed) and active transport(energy needed). In passive transport we have diffusion(movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a region of low concentration),facilitated diffusion is also movement of particles from high to low area of concentration but this type of diffusion uses a transport protein. Osmosis also falls under the passive transport(special type of diffusion involving water molecules). In this type of transport the cell does not need energy. The second type of transport is called active transport(cell needs energy ). In active transport energy is needed as the molecules will be moving from an area of low concentration to an area high concentration. Endocytosis is the movement of large particles or fluids through the membrane into the cytoplasm of a cell(Bill Indge,2000). Exocytosis is the movement of particles from inside the cell. Finally we have protein pumps that are integral membrane protein that are capable of transporting protons across membranes. The cell plays an important role in all living things despite the fact that it is so small and also we have seen that the cell has many organelles which are present to carry out different and unique functions in order to keep the cell alive. Without cells there is no life. SECTION 2 1a) The cell is a eukaryote because the cell has a nucleus that contains DNA. b) Magnification = Image size Image size = 81mm x 1000 = 81 000 µm Actual size Magnification = 4 500 Image = 18mm x 1000 = 18 000 µm Actual = 4 µm Actual Image = 81 000 M = 18 000 4 500 4 = 4 500 = 18  µm The actual width of the cell is = 18 µm c) Magnification = Image size Actual size Image size = 81mm x 1000 = 81 000 µm Actual size = 4 µm 2. Magnification = Image size Image size = 81mm x 1000 = 81 000 µm Actual size Actual size = 20 µm Magnification = 81 000 20 = 4 500 Actual size for structure c = Image size Magnification Image size = 15mm x 1000 = 15 000 µm Actual size = 15 000 Magnification 4 050 = 3,7 µm REFERENCES Ann Fullick, (2000) Heinemann Advanced Science, Biology. 2nd ed, Oxon:Heinemann Educational. Ann Fullick, Paul Bircher, and Jo Locke. (2015) A Level Biology For OCR, London: Oxford University Press C J Clegg and D G Mackean, (2000) Advanced Biology Principles and Applictions 2nd ed, London : John Murray C J Clegg, (2000) Introduction To Advanced Biology. London: John Murray Gareth Williams, (2000) Advanced Biology For You, London: Stanley Thornes Sue Hocking, Pete Kennedy, Frank Sochacki.(2008) OCR Biology, Essex: OCR Heinemann

The Evil Side of The Internet Essay -- Technology Internet Essays

The Evil Side of The Internet In my present employment at the moment, the usage of the Internet is not that important. The only times that I use the Internet is when I have to do a search for a research paper for school or in need of directions to a new location. I have always found the Internet to be a positive tool that helps with the spread of information in order to educate a large population. It is cheap and easily accessable by All. The internet was and is a new invention compared to the wheel and fire that has changed the way we view the world and has brought convenience to our finger tips. Information from across the world can be inter-changed within seconds that can help in the field of politics,medicine and personal relationships. However, there is a darker side to the internet. This side is one that I would like to focus on in my paper. This negative side of the internet is one that is being abused by regular folks everytime they copy articles and pictures and never give credit to the publisher or thei r actual authors. The dirty evil side of the internet has become a magnet for pedophiles and hate crime activists. The problem is that due to freedom of speech there is not much control that I know about in regards to items being posted on the internet. This device is so easily usable that even kids in middle and high school are posting web sites and chat lines in order to say what ever they like and send information to all corners of the world in a second, practically for free. There are some issues that have always concerned me in regards to the legal censorships over the internet that I would like to explore in my paper. The reason for my curiosity began a few weeks ago when my 8 year old cousin was playing on... ...t you can install which will block out certain sites and keywords. Those recommended by Newsweek Magazine were: Cyber Patrol, Net Nanny and Cybersitter. It is important to understand that Internet crimes should be dealt with just like real-world crimes. If you believe that your child or other children are being exploited or know of someone who is using child pornography in any way, notify the Police, the FBI or the local Customs Service Office. Many times there might even be an award awaiting you. Works Cited Nordland,Rod.,Bartholet,Jeffrey. "The Darkest Corner of the Internet." Newsweek. March 19,2001. 44-51 http://www.cyber-rights.org/reports/ http://www.ci.keene.nh.us./police/task_force.htm http://www.eff.org/pub/Groups/BCFE/limit2.html http://www.condemned.org/ http://missingkids.com/cybertip/ http://www.boylink.net/personal.html The Evil Side of The Internet Essay -- Technology Internet Essays The Evil Side of The Internet In my present employment at the moment, the usage of the Internet is not that important. The only times that I use the Internet is when I have to do a search for a research paper for school or in need of directions to a new location. I have always found the Internet to be a positive tool that helps with the spread of information in order to educate a large population. It is cheap and easily accessable by All. The internet was and is a new invention compared to the wheel and fire that has changed the way we view the world and has brought convenience to our finger tips. Information from across the world can be inter-changed within seconds that can help in the field of politics,medicine and personal relationships. However, there is a darker side to the internet. This side is one that I would like to focus on in my paper. This negative side of the internet is one that is being abused by regular folks everytime they copy articles and pictures and never give credit to the publisher or thei r actual authors. The dirty evil side of the internet has become a magnet for pedophiles and hate crime activists. The problem is that due to freedom of speech there is not much control that I know about in regards to items being posted on the internet. This device is so easily usable that even kids in middle and high school are posting web sites and chat lines in order to say what ever they like and send information to all corners of the world in a second, practically for free. There are some issues that have always concerned me in regards to the legal censorships over the internet that I would like to explore in my paper. The reason for my curiosity began a few weeks ago when my 8 year old cousin was playing on... ...t you can install which will block out certain sites and keywords. Those recommended by Newsweek Magazine were: Cyber Patrol, Net Nanny and Cybersitter. It is important to understand that Internet crimes should be dealt with just like real-world crimes. If you believe that your child or other children are being exploited or know of someone who is using child pornography in any way, notify the Police, the FBI or the local Customs Service Office. Many times there might even be an award awaiting you. Works Cited Nordland,Rod.,Bartholet,Jeffrey. "The Darkest Corner of the Internet." Newsweek. March 19,2001. 44-51 http://www.cyber-rights.org/reports/ http://www.ci.keene.nh.us./police/task_force.htm http://www.eff.org/pub/Groups/BCFE/limit2.html http://www.condemned.org/ http://missingkids.com/cybertip/ http://www.boylink.net/personal.html

Economic Viability Of Photovoltaic Cell Productions Environmental Sciences Essay

The UK Government and the bulk of developed states ‘ representatives have started paying a batch of attending towards low C breathing engineerings. This proposal is for the production of photovoltaic cells in an economic manner, to do this most abundant and clean fuel the cheapest and best option for people to utilize. Why should we breathe less Carbon in the ambiance, and shall we exchange to the energy resources which are less carbon emitting? Are we cognizant of our environment in which we live? Do we cognize the danger for humanity in the approaching centuries? Can we recognize that we are responsible for the depletion of clean air and other resources from our environment? The reply is NO. People in this money devising universe are non cognizant of their environment and besides they are non interested in taking attention of or their well-being. Increase in the figure of industries across the universe increases the sum of green house gases [ GHG ] emanation ( Mills, 2003 ) . Harmonizing to the 2010 figures obtained from the website State Master 2010, the Carbon emanation is at a unsafe degree in most of the industrialised states. As a consequence of increasing GHG in atmosphere our Earth is confronting a serious climatic alteration ne'er witnessed before. Already a immense hole has been identified in the ozone bed because of the increasing degree of toxin and GHG emanations. Global heating is now turning as a serious issue in all states and full universe is now seeking to take down the degree of toxic substances in atmosphere and to cut down planetary heating. Because of planetary heating glaciers and ice caps started runing in Polar Regions. If planetary heating continues in the same manner so our climatic status will alter drastically which will ensue in the depletion of human sort from Earth ( Weiss, et. Al, 2008 ) . Solar power panels are nil but combination of photovoltaic cells and rectifying tubes. When light falls on the surface of photovoltaic cells, it produces an induced voltage. When 1000s of photovoltaic cells are arranged in a panel and when all of them are connected in series, the electromotive force produced will acquire multiplied, therefore bring forthing a coveted electromotive force that can be used for place applications.Topographic points where you can implement solar power panels:Every street in every state has street visible radiations. All the street visible radiations can be made to work under solar power panels which save the sum of electricity. Solar power panels can be installed in every place to obtain power for running simple electrical contraption in places. The solar powered vehicles can assist finally cut downing the sum of C emanation ( Kaelin et. al. , 2004 ) . If we use solar power in the fabrication sectors so there is a immense possibility of cut downing the em anation of C dioxide in the ambiance.The major cause behind planetary heating:Research workers have found out that most of the climatic job which we face today is because of the emanation of carbon-dioxide. Whatever procedure we do, we emit carbon-dioxide. Industries are seeking to develop new engineerings in order to take down the sum of carbon-dioxide emitted into atmosphere. Apart from the increasing figure of industries there is a drastic lessening in the figure of trees across the universe. This is another major ground for high emanation of C dioxide in ambiance. Though there are many toxic substances emitted in atmosphere, most of the jobs are created merely due to carbon dioxide. So research workers and common people are now seeking to cut down the per centum of C emanation in ambiance.How to cut down C emanation?As we are now forced to cut down the C emanation sum, research workers and engineer are in a Hunt to happen out alternate attack. New methodological analysiss are de veloped and provided to people. When people use those methods finally emanation of C is traveling to be reduced. There are some power coevals methods from which you can achieve zero C emanation. Zero C power coevals methods will utilize natural resources for bring forthing power like hydro power, solar power, air current power, geothermic power and besides atomic power. ( Mckinnon et. al. , 2010 ) . If we use natural gas as our energy beginning we can achieve minimal sum of C emanation. Even if we use natural gas method the sum of C emitted can be captured and stored utilizing advanced methodological analysiss which prevents C from come ining into our ambiance. Everything is in the custodies of current and approaching coevalss as merely they can cut down the sum of C emitted into atmosphere. For illustration, they should seek to minimise the use of cars for unneeded state of affairss, cut down the use of air conditioners and iceboxs, and avoid combustion of fossil fuels and plastics and many more ( Mills, 2003 ) . To maintain our environment safe, it is of import that people around the Earth start utilizing clean fuel. No other fuel can be every bit clean as solar energy resource. We can work out energy related issues by utilizing this beginning. There are few companies who have succeeded in bring forthing photovoltaic cells for mundane usage. Still it is non the most utilised signifier of energy. The intent of this research proposal is to happen ways of doing solar energy use more common.Cardinal issues:Solar energy is a great energy resource. Still there are barriers to its common use. Although the engineering has proven to be environment friendly and more dependable for the future coevalss, it is still non used by multitudes. Marketability of a merchandise depends on several different factors such as affordability, nest eggs, practicality, and handiness in general. At present usage of solar energy is low-cost and practical. Still, people are non utilizing it to the extent they should. They still non gestate it as an economically feasible energy resource for them. In the under developed parts of the universe, there are really few companies which are bring forthing photoelectric cells that can be used by multitudes. The state of affairs, nevertheless, is different in the developed universe. Sing the figures given by Nation Master, if a clean fuel ( photovoltaic cells ) replaces other C breathing signifiers of energy in the developed states, the concerns of conservationists will be taken attention of. The issue here is that, although the photovoltaic cells are proven to be environment friendly, they are now available to multitudes and they are economically feasible excessively, it is still non the preferable fuel for multitudes. How should we travel about replacing all other C breathing beginnings of energy in every office and every place across the state with solar energy? This could be a immense effort, but one that truly should be deserving while, since if these syste ms worked good we could be salvaging the Earth and human sort a batch of heartache sing non renewable energy every bit good as pollution and of class money salvaging for concerns. The inquiry of marketing the merchandise to multitudes is what we need to reply.Research AimsThe aims of my research, in a nutshell, are as follows: To analyze the barriers to advancing solar power coevals and use as a fuel for multitudes. To analyze the implicit in grounds of ‘Why the solar engineering has non been feasible and common so far ‘ . To research if there has been any betterments in the bing engineering to do it be effectual solution to provide to the whole energy demands of a house or little concern. If non, what are the restraints and demand for betterments. Finding the economically feasible solution for little concerns. How to do it practically feasible for little concern and families, and how it can be taken to multitudes. To analyze the impacts of promotional activities towards doing the engineering common. I will roll up primary and secondary informations to analyze the impacts.Literature ReviewGlobal heating is the hot subject across the Earth. Scientists and research workers are seeking to happen some ways to cut down the sum of C dioxide being emitted into our ambiance. Already Earth has witnessed the consequences of C emanations in the signifier of depletion of ozone bed and thaw of glaciers and ice caps in the Polar Regions. If this status prevails and planetary heating tends to increase for the approaching old ages, there is a great menace to the following coevals of human sort ( Kaelin et. al. , 2004 ) . From the study of ESTIF ( 2007 ) , it is clear that if this status prevails for following century so evidently our full human sort will be at the hazard of extinction. Is at that place any manner to cut down the green house consequence? Is at that place any manner to cut down or even to avoid the emanation of C into our ambiance? Yes. There are many other natural energy resources utilizing which you can even forestall the emanation of C into our ambiance. Natural energy resources are available in the signifier of H2O, air, air current, solar and atomic. Among the signifiers of energy resources mentioned above, it is solar energy which we get more abundant than other beginnings of energy. Weiss et.al ( 2008 ) references that it is merely through heat energy we are making most of our twenty-four hours to twenty-four hours activities. Using solar powered generators you can easy bring forth the necessary sum of electricity that can run some electrical contraptions in your place. Solar power panels can be easy installed in your places from which you can easy bring forth and hive away power that can be used for any electrical intent. Solar power panels are now popular across the universe and most authoritiess are now seeking to pin down the maximal sum of solar power they obtain. We know that about half the solar power is radiated from Earth ‘s surface, which when trapped can be efficaciously used for power coevals intents. If solar power coevals techniques are implemented successfully, we can easy cut down the emanation of C to a greater extent. Mckinnon et. Al. ( 2010 ) have discussed the market size merely in UK for solar energy utilizing devices. The information from 2009 Tells us that companies and public corporations make up 58.2 % of the UK endeavors, 24.4 % are exclusive owners and in conclusion non-profits make up 3.9 % and partnerships 13.5 % . This information is rather important as we know that many companies are proprietaries and merely little concerns. The proficient sector of the economic system ( including scientific and professional ) makes up 15 per centum of endeavors in the UK and it is a sector that would certainly utilize new engineering such as that of a solar electric generator. Another sector that is really note worthy is the buildings sector which makes up 13.4 per centum of endeavors, as concerns in this sector would most surely use new engineering, as they are in the concern of edifice, so why non construct with the latest engineering. When looking at the sizes of companies it is really note worthy that 88.7 % of UK concerns have less than 10 employed, which normally means it is a little company, and 98 % have less than 50 and merely 0.4 % has an employment of over 250. This clearly shows how many little concerns there are in the UK and if 88.7-98 % of concerns in the UK switched to new non-carbon emitting engineering for electricity, there would no uncertainty be a immense positive consequence on the environment. It is true that even though really big companies make up merely a little figure of the concerns in the UK they still produced hundred of times more emanations than the little companies combined, as it is mentioned earlier, the big companies would be certain to put in such engineering as it would be really of import for them public dealingss wise. If a big company choose NOT to travel ‘green ‘ while other big companies do, consumers would decidedly head to the ‘green ‘ competition. So with the big concerns reasonably good forced to subject to the new engineering, is it worth doing it come-at-able and doing the investing for the 98 % smaller companies? Well yes. strength is in Numberss, right! ( Izquierdo et. al. , 2010 ) . With the sheer figure of little concerns in the UK, there would be an undoubted impact if they all went with the new engineering, as through their Numberss little companies have a big impact.MethodologyThe basic methodological analysis I will follow during this research will be to roll up information through dependable secondary beginnings. I will analyze the impacts of marketing attempts of two solar cells making/distributing companies from UK over the buying form of their mark market. The organisations I have selected are: ECOSOL UK Solar Century UK Initially, I will establish my research on secondary informations. If, nevertheless, the published beginnings turn out to be less so required, I will roll up primary informations through questionnaire methods. For my research, I will analyze secondary informations about the two above mentioned houses. After informations aggregation, it will be classified, and analysis will be done. The analysis might necessitate the usage of some statistical tools which will be used as per demand. Interpretations will be made on the footing of this analysis. The research therefore will be done non merely qualitatively but it will besides be quantitative.Ethical ConsiderationsWhile roll uping the information, it will be ensured that no confidential/classified information offered by the companies is misused. The information will be protected. Name callings of the participants in my primary informations aggregation interviews/survey will non be displaced in any state of affairs. The company informations and any personal information collected during this research will be safe guarded carefully to guarantee no information larceny or abuse of information.Undertaking TeamThis research will be carried out under the supervising of my supervisor. I will roll up the information for analysis, and will make a thorough research on the bing state of affairs and will show my findings in written signifier.Undertaking TasksTo transport on this research, I will analyze about the bing market state of affairs and about the already explored possibilities of utilizing solar energy as the chief energy resource in our mundane life. Use of solar energy as the most of import energy resource by multitudes has many advantages. The nest eggs would be great. Huge cost decrease in the usage of electrical energy, and this energy beginning would be much less taxing on the Earth thanks to no more C emanations, it ‘s a renewable beginning that we are non traveling to run out of and the Earth would be health ier and safer for future coevalss. There is no uncertainty that the benefits are immense, for the Earth, for people and for concern. Large concerns would be all over it right from the start, nevertheless, there are far greater figure of little concerns than big concerns, how can these little concerns be convinced that the solar energy resource is good, and one time they are positive how can it be made practical for them to utilize photovoltaic energy?Progress So FarThe clip taken up boulder clay now has been utilized in preliminary degree research. The undertakings which will necessitate to be done to successfully finish this research are: First undertaking to be done is to be after the whole procedure. It will take a hebdomad to complete the program and to get down working on it. This undertaking will be done by the terminal of December 2010, before the winter interruption. This undertaking includes readying of questionnaires and other research tools every bit good. After the undertakings are planned and it comes to the executing, the following measure would be research. This is the toughest portion, and I will necessitate a month for it. The month of January, 2010 and some portion of February will be dedicated to this undertaking. This stage includes informations aggregation through primary and secondary resources. This is the toughest stage as the two above mentioned companies will be contacted and informations will be collected about them. The last hebdomad of February, 2011 will be spent in sorting and analysing the information. The last 3 hebdomads of February, and some portion of March 2011 will be spent in composing the existent thesis article. March 2011 will be spent in redacting the thesis as per my supervisor ‘s instructions and the concluding undertakings like printing and binding for concluding entries will besides be done during this clip frame. Even though we are allowed until the terminal of April, 2011, I want to let myself some slack clip in instance I needed to make redacting.Resources requiredTo transport out this research, I will necessitate entree to library, cyberspace and on-line libraries for literature reappraisal, research and secondary informations aggregation. To reach the companies, a missive of recognition will be required from the university. I will besides necessitate a tape recording equipment for the unfastened ended inquiries of my questionnaire for primary informations aggregation. Stationery will be required for completion of the undertaking.Undertaking CostThe entire cost of this undertaking that I will hold to bear will be my ain traveling disbursals to see the company offices, and the cost of printing, and adhering the thesis.